依托“一带一路”建设构建运动休闲产业新经济带研究     

周〓丹  宋〓波 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(2):32-34

习近平主席提出"一带一路"的理念和经济发展战略规划,标志着我国经济发展以及外交事务进入了一个新的历史阶段,但从经济发展的角度看,这个理念把过去经济发展,特别是国家经济联系的点对点的模式拓展成为一个多方合作共赢的立体网状空间,这为新时期经济发展模式拓展了空间和思路。运动休闲产业作为中国的新型产业,过去对西方国家的依赖太重,这个并不受西方技术壁垒的产业之所以难称民族产业,原因在于西方产品与理念在我国市场上占据了先入为主的优势,"一带一路"建设为我国运动休闲产业的发展或者说起飞提供良好的契机,构建"一带一路"运动休闲产业经济带是我国运动休闲产业全面发展的重要基础。  相似文献   

高校田径教学存在的问题及对策研究     

陶月  王磊 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(2):59-60,99

在高校教育中,田径课程是一门价值深远的体育课程,它不仅有增强人体机能、改善体内系统的效能,同时还有拓展视野、扩大交际范围和增强自我能力的作用,作为在高校体育中占有重要位置的一门课程。在社会经济不断深入发展的历史新时期里,传统的田径教学同大学生的自我能力发展要求已经不相适应,本文在此基础上,总结了几点主要问题和几项解决措施,希望能够为相关高校的田径教学工作者提供参考。  相似文献   

高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件的应急管理机制研究     

王骏  刘海荣  何宁宁  廖大伟 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(2):125-132

运用文献资料、实地调查等研究方法,对我国高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件应急管理现状进行调查分析。发现目前我国高校体育场馆对外开放过程中,存在缺乏突发事件应急预案的研制、对安全风险评估不足、缺乏急救设施的配置、场馆现场管理人员缺乏应急管理的培训与演练、场馆现场管理人员数量不足的问题。在高校体育场馆突发事件应急管理发展现状基础上,依托应急管理理论与应急救援理论,架构由突发事件识别与评估模块、决策系统模块、应急救助体系模块、应急预案选择模块、应急救援的执行模块所组成的我国高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件应急管理机制。建议:完善场馆管理规章制度,形成场馆对外开放突发事件应急长效管理机制;加强员工的应急管理理论培训与技能学习;制定各类应急预案并进行演练;保持突发事件应急救援稳定的对外联系畅通。  相似文献   

Sociomaterial movements of students' engagement in a school's makerspace     

Kristiina Kumpulainen  Anu Kajamaa 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2020,51(4):1292-1307

This study investigates the sociomaterial movements of student engagement in a school's makerspace. Here, we understand sociomaterial movements as emergent and relational, comprising complex dynamics of agency across students, teachers and materials in situated, culturally framed activities. Our study draws on data comprising 85 hours of video recordings of 9–12-year-old students' (N = 94) engagement in a technology-rich makerspace in a Finnish elementary school. The video data were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively using a multimodal interaction analysis. The sociomaterial movements were found to be displayed across a tension-laden continuum between (1) procedural activity—analysis and reflection; (2) individual activity—collaboration; (3) “doing school”—empowerment; and d) alienation—identification. Together, the study offers a potential approach for investigating and understanding the often overlooked workings of sociomateriality that constitutes students' emergent engagement and learning opportunities in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEAM) learning contexts.  相似文献   

两种大强度间歇训练对优秀公路自行车运动员有氧能力的影响          下载免费PDF全文

屈成刚  唐一丹 《体育科研》2019,(1):64-71

目的：比较两种大强度间歇训练手段对优秀自行车运动员有氧运动能力的影响。方法：将15名备战全国“十三运”的云南省自行车队男子运动员随机分为3组， S组训练方案采用SIT/耐力训练， H组训练方案采用HIIT/耐力训练， C组为对照组，进行传统耐力性训练；训练持续3周。训练前后进行递增负荷测试和有氧运动能力测试，测试指标包括最大摄氧量绝对值（VO2max）、最大摄氧量相对值（VO2max/kg）、每分通气量（VE）、最大心率（HRmax），并通过公式计算每搏输出量（SV），以及测试递增负荷后即刻血乳酸（BLA）、最大有氧功率（P）和40 km个人计时成绩进行了测试。结果：（1）3周训练后，S组运动员VE、HRmax、SV、VO2max、VO2max/kg、P和ITT40km均较训练前有显著性提高（P＜0.05）；H组运动员VE、VO2max/kg、ITT40km较训练前有显著性增加（P＜0.05），BLA有显著性的下降（P＜0.05）。（2）S组运动员ΔVE、ΔHRmax、ΔSV、ΔVO2max、ΔVO2max/kg、ΔBLA、ΔITT40km显著提升（P＜0.05），且优于其余两组；H组仅ΔITT40km存在明显提升（P＜0.05）。结论：间歇训练结合耐力训练对优秀公路自行车运动员的呼吸系统、有氧供能系统可产生积极的影响；而且，SIT结合耐力训练较HIIT结合耐力训练或传统耐力训练更能提高公路自行车运动员的有氧代谢能力和有氧运动能力，训练效果更佳。  相似文献   

我国体育行政执法方式改革研究          下载免费PDF全文

梁尧 《体育科研》2019,(4):67-74

新时代对体育强国和体育法治建设提出了新要求，行政执法作为体育强国建设的重要抓手也面临着方式革新的机遇和挑战。简政放权背景下，体育执法面临着“应不应该管、怎样管”的尴尬处境，广为体育行政执法主体运用的强制性执法手段极易加剧执法矛盾，执法的社会效果得不到保障。由于传统执法方式难以适应新时代体育市场监管的现实需要，革新体育行政执法方式就显得尤为必要。面对时代课题，应遵照由“形式优化”到“实质革新”的逻辑，并树立行政平衡、服务合作和正当程序的理念，从引入信用工具、推广非强制性执法和全程说理式执法3个方面推进改革，实现体育行政执法方式的精简化、多元化和法治化。  相似文献   

Systems model and individual simulations of training strategies in elite short-track speed skaters     

Thibaut Méline  Ludovic Mathieu  Fabio Borrani  Robin Candau 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(3):347-355

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simulated training strategies on performance potential in elite short-track speed skaters. Training load and field-based criterion performances from fifteen athletes (10 males, 5 females) were collected over a 3-month training period and the relationship between training loads and performance was computed with a variable dose-response model using a genetic algorithm. Individual simulations of tapers preceded or not preceded by an overload training (OT) were assessed. We obtained a significant correlation between actual and modelled performances (R² = 0.76 ± 0.07). Regarding model parameters, no significant difference was found between males and females but the time to recover performance tended to be lower in females. Simulations in which the taper parameters were free highlighted that an exponential or a step taper were the most effective for increasing performance compared to a linear taper (p < 0.05). Optimal exponential taper duration after OT was 10.7 ± 2.4d and the optimal load reduction was 75.9 ± 3.7%. OT intensity had the greatest influence on the predicted performance, followed by OT duration, taper decay, and to a lesser extent load reduction during taper and taper duration. Thus, a variable dose-response systems model allows the evaluation of different taper strategies and their potential effect on performance changes.  相似文献   

学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查的独立性     

翟继勇  董琴娟 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(2):96-101

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法，对我国各省份学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查的独立性进行研究。通过对我国各省份学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查独立性的现状、问题、原因及对策的探索，在政策上，可以为教育行政部门改革提供决策思路和参考，在实践上，可以提高学生体质健康测试督查的权威性和有效性，倒逼学生体质健康测试的规范化实施。研究发现，当前我国各省份学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查的独立性差，主要体现在第三方机构与教育厅存在行政隶属关系、存在利益关联、第三方机构工作自主性差3个方面。影响学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查独立性的因素主要为中国传统文化对体育和公民意识的漠视、当事方的利益诉求对第三方机构督查独立性的限制、法规制度缺位、第三方机构发育程度低等。提出保障学生体质健康测试第三方机构督查独立性的对策：教育部对第三方机构督查的责权划分做出设计安排，培养公民意识，扩宽经费来源渠道，第三方机构完善自身治理。  相似文献   

Rater Certification Tests: A Psychometric Approach     

Yigal Attali 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(2):6-13

Rater training is an important part of developing and conducting large‐scale constructed‐response assessments. As part of this process, candidate raters have to pass a certification test to confirm that they are able to score consistently and accurately before they begin scoring operationally. Moreover, many assessment programs require raters to pass a calibration test before every scoring shift. To support the high‐stakes decisions made on the basis of rater certification tests, a psychometric approach for their development, analysis, and use is proposed. The circumstances and uses of these tests suggest that they are expected to have relatively low reliability. This expectation is supported by empirical data. Implications for the development and use of these tests to ensure their quality are discussed.  相似文献   

Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look     

Victoria A. Roach  Graham M. Fraser  James H. Kryklywy  Derek G.V. Mitchell  Timothy D. Wilson 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(1):32-42

Research suggests that spatial ability may predict success in complex disciplines including anatomy, where mastery requires a firm understanding of the intricate relationships occurring along the course of veins, arteries, and nerves, as they traverse through and around bones, muscles, and organs. Debate exists on the malleability of spatial ability, and some suggest that spatial ability can be enhanced through training. It is hypothesized that spatial ability can be trained in low-performing individuals through visual guidance. To address this, training was completed through a visual guidance protocol. This protocol was based on eye-movement patterns of high-performing individuals, collected via eye-tracking as they completed an Electronic Mental Rotations Test (EMRT). The effects of guidance were evaluated using 33 individuals with low mental rotation ability, in a counterbalanced crossover design. Individuals were placed in one of two treatment groups (late or early guidance) and completed both a guided, and an unguided EMRT. A third group (no guidance/control) completed two unguided EMRTs. All groups demonstrated an increase in EMRT scores on their second test (P < 0.001); however, an interaction was observed between treatment and test iteration (P = 0.024). The effect of guidance on scores was contingent on when the guidance was applied. When guidance was applied early, scores were significantly greater than expected (P = 0.028). These findings suggest that by guiding individuals with low mental rotation ability “where” to look early in training, better search approaches may be adopted, yielding improvements in spatial reasoning scores. It is proposed that visual guidance may be applied in spatial fields, such as STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine), surgery, and anatomy to improve student's interpretation of visual content. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献